exacerbate
v.使惡化，使加重=worsen;embitter
例句：A warm climate can exacerbate air pollution.
misconstrue
v.誤解;曲解=interpret incorrectly;misjudge
例句：Jacky's words have been misconstrued.
cacophonous
adj.刺耳的;不和諧的'=discordant;inharmonious
例句：A cacophonous voice has been astounding concerning the authencity of adverts promoted by celebrities.
calamity
n.災難;不幸=disaster; misery
例句：The calamity of Tianjin brought together people of the whole nation.
ambience
n.周圍環境;氣氛=environment;atmosphere
例句：Most people's immigration to Australia derives from the pleasant ambience and humanitarian ideology there.
apologist
n.辯護者=one who writes in defense of a cause or institution
例句：He was the chief apologist for geocentric theory.
chaff.
n.無價值的東西=worthless products of an endeavor
例句：The neighbours'suspicions were chaff of the lowest sort based on gossip.
ameliorate
v.改善，改進=improve
例句：The federal government is doing its best to ameliorate the living conditions of people.
bode
v.預示=foreshadow;portend
例句：The good news one after another bode well for the company.
connotation
n.內涵=suggested or implied meaning of an expression
例句：Chinese calligraphy has rich cultural connotation.