短文
短文的基本格式為：開始段，主體段和結論段。開始段是短文的中心，即主題。文章的開頭段必須把握兩個原則：表明文章的主題使文章的.發展有所遵循；引發讀者的興趣、使他確信值得讀下去。主體段，即文章的發展，是文章的中心的發展，它以文章的開頭為線索，準確，具體而充實地論證、說明或分析文章的主題。主體段須遵循1)文章的發展必須通暢、自然。2)文章的發展必須聯貫統一。3)文章的發展必須長短適度。結論段：同文章的開頭和發展一樣，文章的結尾也是寫作成敗的關鍵。它起著總結，概括全篇的作用，使主題更加鮮明，結構更加完美。
Section I 補充主題句
1)__________________, generally, the standard of education is higher. This is because colleges and universities have up-to-date equipment and other resources. Also, teachers and lectures are highly-skilled professionals who are aware of all the latest developments in their fields of interest. A final point is that the overseas qualifications which a student obtains are valid usually anywhere in the world.
2)__________________. These include defense capabilities and social security. Private enterprise and the profit motive should not form part of these essential services. On the other hand, some services could be provided by either governments or private groups or both. Education and health care are examples of such services. A government must provide at least a basic level of education and health care so all citizens call have access to them.
3)__________________. Every day there are opportunities to practice listening to and speaking with Australians. Also, students can experience the culture first-hand, which is a great help when trying to understand the language. This is especially true if they choose to live with Australians, as part of a home-stay family, for example. Furthermore, if students attend a language school full-time, the teachers will be native speakers.
4)__________________. Jose did not complete his mathematics yesterday. He spent the first fifteen minutes of the hour working on the first of the ten examination problems. He spent other minutes doodling on his test paper.
5)__________________. One example is the word "graft." The verb to graft first meant merely to work. English people once used the word in such expressions as " Where are you grafting?", meaning " Where are you working?". From this perfectly respectable meaning, the word has gradually changed. Today graft refers to illegal gains won by dishonest politicians.