構建具有中國特色的存款保險制度

摘要：存款保險制度是一種金融保障制度，是指由符合條件的各類存款性金融機構集中起來建立一個保險機構，各類存款機構作為投保人按一定存款比例向其繳納保險費，建立存款保險準備金，當成員機構發生經營危機或面臨破產倒閉時，存款保險機構向其提供財務救助或直接向存款人支付部分或全部存款，從而保護存款人利益，維護銀行信用，穩定金融秩序的一種制度。建立存款保險制度有利於降低金融風險，防止擠兌發生及危機擴散。當個別銀行出現流動性風險時，存款人因為有了相關的法律制度作保證，不再產生巨大的恐懼心理，避免該銀行發生擠兌風潮、傳染其它與之有業務聯絡的`金融機構，同時，建立存款保險制度有利於保護存款人的利益。在投保銀行面臨支付危機時提供救助，在投保銀行破產倒閉時依法清償存款人的存款，從而保護了存款人的利益。
關鍵詞：存款保險保險制度問題研究
Abstract:The deposit insurance system is one kind of financial safeguard system,is refers by conforms to the condition each kind of deposit financial organ to concentrate establishes an arming device,each kind of depository institution took the policy holder according to certain deposit proportion to its payment insurance premium,establishes the deposit insurance reserve fund,when the member organization has the management crisis or faces the bankruptcy goes out of business,the deposit insurance organization to it provides the financial rescue either directly to the depositor pays the part or the complete deposit,thus protects the depositor benefit,defends the bank credit,stable financial order one establishment deposit insurance system is advantageous in reduces the financial risk,prevented the run on a bank has and the crisis the individual bank appears the fluid risk,because the depositor had the related legal regime to make the guarantee,no longer had the huge dread,avoided this bank having the run on a bank unrest,infecting other and it has the service relation financial organ,simultaneously,established the deposit insurance system to be advantageous in protecting depositor?s insurance bank faced with payment crisis provides the rescue,goes out of business when the insurance bank bankruptcy pays off depositor?s deposit legally,thus has protected depositor?s benefit.
Keywords:Deposit insurance