Introduction
引言部分介紹此項研究的主題、背景、範疇，並說明全文的結構，便於讀者閱讀，一般包含幾項內容：
1. 背景介紹
2. 現有問題
3. 研究目標
4. 篇章結構
1.背景介紹
…has been a hot topic in … research.
在„研究中，„已成為研究熱點。
…is the … problem that has received the most attention in the … literature.
在„文獻中，„是受到最多關注的„問題。
…have attracted much attention from academia.
„已經引起學術界的很大關注。
…has been of considerable interest to the … community in recent years.
近年來，„已經引起„界的極大關注。
It is well known that …
眾所周知，„
It is reported that …
據報導，„
There have been studies highlighting …
此前已經有一些針對„的研究。
Over the past 3 decades, …
在過去的三十年，„
The previous work on … has indicated that …
先前關於„的研表明„
Recent experiments by … have suggested …
最近„做的實驗表明„
Recent experiments in this area suggested that …
這個領域的最新實驗表明„
The approach adopted extensively is called …
被廣泛採用的方法稱為„
Several researchers have theoretically investigated …
有幾個研究者已經從理論上考察了„
In most studies of …, … has been emphasized with attention being given to …
在大多數對„的研究中，„受到高度重視，人們關注的是„
Industrial application of … is becoming increasingly common.
„的工業化應用日益普及。
The approaches fall into two major groups.
現有方法主要分成兩類。
The approaches can be divided into two general classes.
現有方法一般分成兩類。
The approaches may be classified into two categories.
現有方法可以分成兩類。
The approaches are of two broad.
現有方法分成兩類。
2.該領域現有問題
Great progress has been made in this field, but/however, nevertheless …
雖然這個領域已經取得重大進步，但是„
A part of the explanation could lie in … However, …
部分解釋可能在於„。但是，„
The study of … gives rise to two main difficulties: one is …; the other is …
研究遇到兩個主要困難：一個是„;另一個是„
Also, the consideration of … alone cannot explain the observed fact that …
單獨考慮„無法解釋觀察到的事實，即„
From the above discussion, it appears that at present neither … nor …
從以上討論可知，目前既不„也不„
Despite the recent progress reviewed in …, there is no generally accepted theory concerning…
除了已經在„中回顧的最新進展，還沒有關於„的廣為接受的理論。
The only research that I am aware of that has dealt directly with the problem of … is a series of papers by …
我所知道的直接針對„問題的唯一研究是„發表的一系列論文。
Experiments of this kind have not been performed.
這種實驗還沒有人做過。
Until now no field experiments of … have been reported.
目前為此，還沒有關於„現場實驗的報導。
The method we used differs greatly from the one reported last year.
我們使用的方法與去年報導的有很大不同。
No clear advancement has so far been seen in …
在„領域，還沒有出現明顯的進展。
The data available in literature failed to prove that …
文獻中的資料無法證明„
3.引出自己的研究目標
We propose … as a solution to address this problem.
We build several different models to address these issues and to improve … for the benefit of …
我們構建了幾個不同的模型，以應對這些問題，並針對„改進„
In this paper, … is investigated/studied/discussed/presented 本文研究„