作者:楊龍強，王治國，周生添，連理芸，王桂華，鄭保紅，羅德壽，劉佔平
【摘要】 目的 探討矽肺病宿主因素（文化程度、行為因素）、環境因素（居住條件、家庭和睦、經濟狀況、負性事件）與矽肺易感性的關係。方法 以某礦業公司兩個礦區2002～2004年由職業病專業診斷機構按GBZ70-2002《塵肺病診斷標準》確診的Ⅰ期矽肺男性患者為病例組，與病例組同性別、同工種、同班組、同工齡、年齡相差不超過3歲、2004年攝胸片非矽肺接塵工人為對照組。病例與對照按2∶1配比。以問卷調查形式入戶調查。結果 矽肺組與對照組比較，其宿主影響因素：文化程度、行為因素中的嗜煙者及環境影響因素中的家庭經濟狀況、負性事件兩組比較差異有顯著性。其他各項無明顯差異。結論 接塵工人的文化程度即個人的文化素養、有無不良的嗜煙習性、工作期間有無家庭負性事件的發生及家庭經濟狀況可能對矽肺易感。
【關鍵詞】 矽肺；宿主；環境影響因素；易感性
Case-control study of the silicosis host and research case of environment
【Abstract】 Objective To inquire into silicosis disease host’s factor ( cultural level and action factor ) and the environment factor ( housing conditions，family harmony，economic condition and negative nature incident ) with the silicosis Yi the relation of ods The es silicosis male sex patient that the method within 2002 to 2004 in two areas in industry company by the occupational disease specialty diagnosed the organization according to GBZ70-2002’s “the pneumoconiosis disease is diagnosed the standard” to be made a definite diagnosis is for the case group，and the non- silicosis of thorax piece that with the case group same sex and with the type of work in production and the classmate group and with length of service and age differs does not surpass 3 years old and in 2004 absorbs comes into contact with dust worker to serve as the contrast group. 2:1 matchs in case and order to ask rolling up investigates the form lts Silicosis group and the contrast at last set comparison，his host influence factor: in the cultural level and action factor has a liking for smoke person and two sets of comparison differences family economy condition in the environment effect factor and negative nature incidents have notable r all clear difference of lusion The cultural level of dust worker approaches the civilization accomplishment of individual and has or not is bad having a liking for the smoke habits and characteristics and the work probably to the easy sense of silicosis.
【Key words】 silicosis；host；environment effect factor；susceptibleness
在相同的作業環境，相同的工作年限條件下，除個人遺傳易感［1］，個性的差異（內、外向）［2］；宿主因素（文化素養 個人行為）、環境因素（居住條件、家庭和睦、經濟狀況、負性事件）對矽肺的易感性如何國內尚未見報道。本調查旨在探討宿主、環境影響因素與矽肺的易感性關係；認識其影響的嚴重性、危害性以及在疾病控制中的地位，確定優先和重點控制的此類職業傷害的宿主、環境影響因素，分析矽肺這一職業傷害的.隱患，有針對性的實施預防與控制措施，並評價、指導防治工作［3］。