新生兒敗血症血培養分離菌及耐藥性分析

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新生兒敗血症血培養分離菌及耐藥性分析

作者:唐任光,楊顯先,龍顯科

新生兒敗血症血培養分離菌及耐藥性分析

【關鍵詞】 新生兒敗血症;病原菌;耐藥性

[摘要] 目的:瞭解我院近期新生兒敗血症病原菌及耐藥性,為臨床用藥提供依據。方法:對我院2001年1月至2006年1月新生兒血培養陽性標本細菌鑑定及藥敏結果進行分析總結。結果:251例陽性標本中表皮葡萄球菌和金黃色葡萄球菌分別佔31.5%和16.7%,對多種抗生素耐藥,苯唑西林的耐藥率分別為87.5%、62.6%,對萬古黴素100%敏感;革蘭陰性菌中大腸埃希菌佔首位,其次為肺炎克雷伯桿菌、腸桿菌屬、普通變形桿菌;抗菌活性較好的藥物是阿米卡星、環丙沙星、氧氟沙星。結論:葡萄球菌是新生兒敗血症的`主要病原菌;臨床醫師應根據細菌鑑定及藥敏試驗選擇敏感藥物治療。

[關鍵詞] 新生兒敗血症;病原菌;耐藥性

Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistance of Lsolates from Newborn Septicemia Biood Cultures

Abstract: Objective To understand the distribution of pathogens causing newborn septicemia and their antibiotic resistance ods The positive in blood culture of newborn in our hospital between January,2001 and January,2006 were lts Among 251 positive in blood culture,positiveratio of Staphylococcus epidermidis and us were 31.5% and 16.7%,hermore,they were ratio of meticillinresistant ermidis and us were 87.5%and 62.6%,respectively,but all were sensitive to g gramnegative bacteria,Escherichia coli was in the first place,the second one was klebsiella pneumonniae,the other were Enterobacter,proteus vulgaris better antibiotics for them were amikacin,ciprofloxacin,and lusion Staphylococcus spp is one of the main pathogens causing newborn septicemia, The identification of bacteria and drug sensitive test were helpful to clinical therapy.

Key words: Newborn septicemia; Pathogen; Antibiotic resistance

新生兒敗血症是新生兒期嚴重的細菌感染性疾病,其治療成功的關鍵在於儘早明確病原菌及選用合適的抗生素。本研究通過對我院251份新生兒敗血症血標本進行微生物培養和細菌耐藥性分析,經統計報告如下。

1 材料與方法

1.1 標本來源 251份標本均來自我院兒科2001年1月至2006年1月資料,符合《新生兒敗血症診斷標準修訂方案》[1]。

1.2 細菌培養 251例患者均在應用抗生素之前常規無菌抽取新生兒靜脈血注入血培養瓶,血液與增菌液比例為1∶10,增菌液採用自制的硫乙醇酸鹽增菌肉湯30 ml。

1.3 細菌鑑定和藥敏實驗 應用上海復星公司全自動微生物分析儀及配套試劑進行細菌鑑別和藥敏試驗。

2 結果

病原菌的分佈特徵及構成比,新生兒敗血症病原菌以革蘭陽性菌為主,其中表皮葡萄球菌和金黃色葡萄球菌分別佔31.5%和16.7%。革蘭陰性菌中大腸埃希菌佔7.2%,肺炎克雷伯桿菌佔6.4%,腸桿菌屬5.6%,普通變形桿菌5.2%。另外真菌檢出率佔4.8%。見表1。 

表1 251株病原菌的菌種分佈(略)

新生兒敗血症病原菌的耐藥性,革蘭陽性菌表皮葡萄球菌和金黃色葡萄球菌對青黴素、氨苄西林、紅黴素、複方新諾明高度耐藥,而萬古黴素、環丙沙星、氧氟沙星對革蘭陽性球菌仍保持較強的抗菌活性,見表2。

表2 分離的主要革蘭陽性菌對臨床常用抗生素的耐藥率(略)