Sexism Phenomenon in English Language
Abstract
As a kind of social phenomenon, language reflects all the sides of human society naturally. Sexism is a kind of discrimination by one sex against the other, especially by males against females. As reflected in language, this biased condition of sexes concerns the portrayal of men as the norm and women as the appendage or as the exception, which is often called linguistic sexism or androcentrism──one of the main concerns for sociolinguistics and a major subject of feminist linguists in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
This thesis first elaborates sexism from different angles, such as from morphology, syntax and semantics, English expressions, English proverbs and slang. This thesis not only focuses on the origins of sexism, but also finally proposes some ways to avoid sexist languages, such as employment of neutral language, avoiding using the traditional form of address and other ways to avoid generic masculine. English language has for a long time featured a considerable amount of sexism, a manifestation that has deep roots—social, historical and cultural. To get rid of it depends basically on the eradication of sexist concepts among the general public and further improvement of women’s social status, rather than on the linguistic means. After all, social reform is the basis for the realization of linguistic revolutions.
Key Words: sexism; English; method; masculine; neutral word
摘 要
語言是表達觀念的符號系統，必然會反映出人類社會的各種社會觀念。性別歧視作為1種社會現象，不僅反映在社會生活中，也反映在語言和語言的使用中，由此形成了語言性別歧視。它是社會語言學這1新興邊緣學科研究的重心之1，也是210世紀7、810年代以來中西方女權主義語言學家研究的1個重要課題。
本文從詞法，句法，語義，英語諺俗語等幾個方面探討了英語語言中的性別歧視。本文在探討了英語歧視現象的起源的同時，也指出可通過使用中性詞，避免使用傳統的話語，避免使用陽性詞等方式避免語言中的歧視。長期以來，英漢語言中存在著大量性別歧視現象，其後有著深厚的社會歷史文化根源。要消除語言中性別歧視現象，不能由語言手段代勞，關鍵要根除社會上存在的`性別歧視觀念，進1步提高婦女的社會地位。畢竟語言的變革只能在社會變革的基礎上才能實現。
關鍵詞：性別歧視、方法、陽性詞、詞彙、中性詞
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